
Aquaculture in the Mediterranean has seen remarkable growth over the past few decades, establishing itself as a vital sector to ensure food security and sovereignty, as well as to promote economic development across the region.
While some nations lead the way with high production volumes, driving this sustained growth in Mediterranean aquaculture-particularly Egypy with species like Nile tilapia-the contributions of countries such as Greece, Spain and Italy cannot be overlooked. These nations have excelled by focusing on quality, innovation, and species diversification.
Egypt, for instance, owes its success to key factors such as abundant water resources, favourable climatic conditions, and the adoption of cost-effective technologies for large-scale production.
With projections suggesting a production of over 2 million tonnes by 2030, Egypt is solidifying its position as a major supplier of fish both regionally and globally.
Turkey, meanwhile, has emerged as a regional leader, producing 472,000 tonnes of species such as sea bream, sea bass, and rainbow trout. This growth reflects the country’s ambitious investments in both technology and sustainability.
In contrast, Mediterranean countries within the European Union face challenges due to stringent environmental regulations that limit growth in production volumes. Producers in these countries have adapted by embracing innovative practices and focusing on high-value species such as sea bream, sea bass, turbot, sole, and meagre. They have also invested in cutting-edge technologies, including recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), to ensure efficiency and sustainability.
These countries have also managed to stand out by combining tradition with high-quality standards, focusing on species like rainbow trout and caviar. Moreover, the Mediterranean’s culinary excellence plays a key role, as the demand for fresh, high-quality products drives local production and creates a unique connection between aquaculture and cultural identity.
It is essential, therefore, that Turkey and Egypt’s dominance in terms of production volumes does not overshadow the importance of more diversified and sustainable models like those in Greece, Spain, and Italy. These nations bring a critical balance to the sector, proving that aquaculture is not just about producing more-it is about producing better and supportive rural areas.
Producing fish is crucial, especially when done locally, as it strengthens rural economies and communities. The diversification of species, environmental integration, and technological innovation must shape the future of aquaculture in 2025 and beyond.